Information on chest x-ray findings in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia is still limited in the literature and the majority of the reports described the lung changes on chest CT scan. RT-PCR was used in the diagnosis and chest x-ray was used in the follow up of patients. The outbreak of COVID-19 began in March 2020 in Jordan. Septal thickening, bronchiectasis, pleural effusion, lymphadenopathy, and cavitation were less commonly seen.

Patients with COVID-19 had typical radiological findings on chest imaging including multifocal and bilateral ground glass opacities and consolidations with peripheral and basal predominance.

Chest x-ray was found to have limited value in the initial diagnosis of COVID-19 with a sensitivity of about 69%. Chest CT scan was found to be more sensitive than RT-PCR in confirming the diagnosis of COVID-19 reaching 98%. COVID-19 infection is confirmed in many countries by Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) on nasopharyngeal and throat swabs, with a positive rate of 30–70%. The most common symptoms of COVID-19 include fever, cough, dyspnea, fatigue, and myalgia, less common symptoms are sputum, hemoptysis, headache, and gastrointestinal symptoms. Six coronaviruses are identified, four of which cause mild common cold symptoms, and two strains were responsible for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) that began in southern China in 2003 and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) that originated in Saudi Arabia in 2012. The coronaviruses are widely distributed among humans and mammals. The viruses have characteristic morphology under the electron microscope with presence of viral spike peplomers arising from the viral envelope giving a crown appearance. Ĭoronaviruses are enveloped, positive-sense, single strand, non-segmented, and ribonucleic acid viruses that belong to the coronaviridae family. A virus was identified and isolated from the epithelial cells of the respiratory system of infected individuals and was named as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the outbreak was named coronavirus disease (COVID-19). In January 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared it a pandemic.

The illness rapidly spread in China and in many other countries. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.Īn outbreak of severe cases of pneumonia from an unidentified origin emerged in Wuhan, China in December 31, 2019. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made.

Pneumonia chest x ray findings